What are the four primary modules of Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT)?

The four primary modules of Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) are indeed Mindfulness, Distress Tolerance, Emotion Regulation, and Interpersonal Effectiveness.

Mindfulness is the foundational skill in DBT, teaching individuals to be present in the moment and aware of their thoughts and feelings without judgment. This module focuses on enhancing self-awareness and the ability to observe experiences without becoming overwhelmed by them.

Distress Tolerance provides individuals with tools to cope with distressing situations without resorting to harmful behaviors. This module emphasizes accepting reality as it is in the moment and finding ways to manage emotional pain effectively.

Emotion Regulation involves understanding and managing one's emotions more effectively, helping individuals to reduce vulnerability to intense emotional responses and to increase positive emotional experiences. Skills learned in this module facilitate identification, labeling, and altering emotions proactively.

Interpersonal Effectiveness teaches individuals how to communicate their needs and assert themselves appropriately while also maintaining healthy relationships. This module includes strategies for balancing self-respect and relationships with others, focusing on how to ask for what one needs without damaging connections.

The other provided options contain components that are either not specific to DBT or represent different therapeutic approaches. For instance, Cognitive Restructuring and Exposure Therapy are primarily associated with Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (